Clemmensen Reduction
Definition: The conversion of a carbonyl group to a methylene group is done by Clemmensen reduction. It consists …
Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry
Birch Reduction
Definition: When aromatic rings are partially reduced by sodium or K or Li in liquid ammonia, usually in …
Wolff Kishner Reduction
By heating the hydrazone of a carbonyl compound in a sealed tube with sodium ethoxide or sodium hydroxide …
Thiophene Reactions
Thiophene Reactions: Thiophene is slightly more nucleophilic than benzene. The negative charge is more accumulated on C2 – …
Thiophene Synthesis
Thiophene Synthesis: Thiophene belongs to a class of heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring made up of one …
Furan Reactions
Furan is a π-excessive heterocycle and hence prefers electrophilic substitution reactions. At the same time, it behaves chemically …
Furan Synthesis
Furan Synthesis: Furan was first reported by Heinrich Limpricht in 1870. It is a colorless, inflammable, volatile, liquid …
Pyrrole Chemical Reactions
Pyrrole chemical reactions: Pyrrole, furan, and thiophene, all are π – excessive rings. Hence, all these rings are …
Pyrrole Synthesis
Pyrrole Synthesis: Pyrrole was first isolated from coal tar in 1834. It is an aromatic heterocycle having a …
Classification of Heterocyclic Compounds
Heterocycles are cyclic compounds in which one or more atoms of the ring are hetero atoms like O, …